8/23-8/27
Welcome students to Mr. Shipley's world history class. This year we are going to learn a lot of fun and exciting stuff about the world and its rich history. This website is not a substitute for attending class. It is place for parents and students to get an idea as to what we are learning about at a particular time during the school. I will also post notes and some supplemental information throughout the year. Good Luck Students!
9/7-9/10
We are invested into ch 1-1 and 1-2. Students have started there first notebook on ch 1 "Early Humans". We will be adding vocabulary, questions and notes on ch 1-2 this week. Students will have a quiz on ch 1-2 on Monday Sept 13.
Here are the notes for ch 1-1 we took in class:
Chapter 1-1
EARLY HUMANS
Tools of Discovery
Historians-study human history.
Archaeologist-search for evidence of history.
Look for artifacts and fossils
Anthropologists- study how humans developed.
Paleolithic Age
Old Stone
2.5 million to 8,000 B.C.
People were nomadic
Men-hunters
Women-gatherers
Fire helped people survive the Ice Age(100,00 B.C-8,000 B.C.)
Developed spoken language.
Cave paintings
first to use technology
Stone age because people made weapons and tools out of stone.
Neolithic Age
New Stone Age
8,000 B.C-4,000 B.C.
Learned to domesticate animals
Farming Revolution
One of the most important inventions in history.
Settled Life
1st two settlements were Jericho(Israel) and Catal Huyuk(Turkey)
Created a Surplus of food
Developed Specializations
Started using copper to make tools and weapons(Bronze Age)
Here are the notes for ch 1-2 Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia
Eastern Fertile Crescent
Between Tigres and Euphrates
“Land between the rivers”
good farmland, rivers for water and trade.
Organized Gov’t
Ancient Sumer
Southern Mesopotamia
Was a city-state
Believed in many different gods
power over nature (gods)
built Ziggurats (temples)
Priests were powerful
Sumer Social Classes
Top- Kings, Priests, Government officials
Middle- Merchants, Artisans, Farmers, Fisherman
Low- Enslaved people
Cuneiform
1st written language
written on clay tablets
Scribes-record keepers
Oldest story- Epic of Gilgamesh
Sumerian Inventions
Irrigation
Wagon Wheel
Plow
Sailboat
60 second minute
60 minute hour
12 month calendar
Sargon/Hammurabi
2340 B.C.- Sargon ruled the Akkadians and took over Mesopotamia.
Sargon had 1st Empire
1800’s B.C.- Hammurabi led Babylonian Empire
Created Code of Hammurabi.
10-4 to 10-8
This week we will be finishing up ch 2-2 and starting 2-3 in Egypt. Students will have a quiz on Tuesday on ch 2-2. Below are note from last weeks classes.
Ch 2-1 notes
Ancient Egypt
Nile River Valley
Nile River-Longest in the World (4,000 Miles)
Parts into 2 rivers: Blue and White Nile.
2 seas border Egypt: Red sea and Mediterranean Sea
People used Nile for Trade and Transport
Egypt’s 4 Natural Barriers
North- Nile River Delta
South- Nile River Cataracts
East- Eastern Desert
West- Sahara Desert (Largest in World)
Helps Isolate and Protect Egypt
The River People
Flooding was predictable
Called the rich soil deposit “Kemet” which means “the Black Land”
Papyrus reed plants from the Nile were used to make baskets, sandals, and river rafts
Papyrus was also the world’s 1st Paper for writing.
Ancient Hieroglyphics
Made up of hundreds of Picture Symbols
Symbols stood for objects, ideas, and sounds
Wrote on cave walls and Papyrus rolls
Only Scribes knew how to read and write Hieroglyphics.
United Egypt
Egypt was dived into two Kingdoms: Lower and Upper Egypt
King of Upper Egypt Narmer (Also called Menes) took control of Lower Egypt
Ruled from the city of Memphis
1st Dynasty in Egypt
Historians group Egypts Dynasty’s into 3 time periods: Old, Middle, New Kingdom
United Egypt
Wore a double crown to symbolize Unity in Egypt
White crown- helmet represented Upper Egypt
Red Crown- open crown represents Lower Egypt
Egypt’s Social Classes
Upper Class- Pharaoh
Small Upper Class- Priest and Nobles
Middle Class- Traders, Artisans, Shopkeepers, Scribes
Lower Middle- Farmers and Herders
Lowest class- Unskilled Workers
Family Life
Father was head of household
Women could own and pass on property
Women could buy and sell goods, make will’s, and obtain divorces.
Most Egyptian children didn’t go to school
Ch 2-2 notes
Old Kingdom Rulers
Pharaoh’s Ruled over Egypt (Pharaoh means “Great House)
Pharaoh was all powerful ruler.
Egyptians believed the unity of the kingdom depended on a strong leader.
Thought Pharaoh was the son of Re(god)
Felt Pharaoh was a god on earth controlling Egypt’s welfare.
God’s and Goddesses
Worshiped many Deities (gods)
Believed Deities controlled nature and human activities.
Re- Sun god (Main god)
Hapi- god of the Nile River
Isis- goddess of loyal loyal mother
Isis and Osiris were married.
Osiris-god of Dead
Life after Death
Egpytian’s believed life in the next world would be better than life on earth.
Spirit would go on a long journey and eventually find peace.
“Book of the Dead”- collection of spells and prayers to help obtain life after death.
Osiris would judge spirit on whether they lived good lives and knew the spells.
Embalming and Mummy
First priests remove body organs and apply salt to body.
Next, they filled body with spices and perfumes.
Then, body was cleaned with oils and wrapped in long strips of linen (Mummy)
Lastly, the wrapped body was put in several coffins for protection.
Only Pharaoh’s bodies were preserved like this.
Through embalming, Egypt wrote world’s 1st medical book, fixed broken bones and cuts, treat illnesses.
The Pyramids
Tomb for Pharaoh’s
protected against floods, animals, grave robbers.
Held supplies a Pharaoh might need in the next world.
How was Pyramid Built
Took thousands of people and hundreds of years.
Built on a square base with entrance facing north.
Made advances in math to measure sides of pyramid (created a number system based on 10 and fractions)
Moved stone using manpower, a pully system, and wooden logs.
The Great Pyramid
Built around 2540 B.C.
3 pyramids built in the city of Giza
Great Pyramid built for King Khufu
500 feet tall
9 football fields wide
2 million stone blocks weighing 2.5 tons each.
48 stories tall (tallest building in world for 4,000 yrs)